La contribución de la Sociología Política Internacional al pensamiento crítico en Relaciones Internacionales
Palabras clave:
Sociología Política Internacional, Relaciones Internacionales, Teoría Crítica, práctica, proceso, reflexividadDerechos de autor 2022 João Pontes Nogueira, Jef Huysmans; Gonzalo Vitón García
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
Por mucho tiempo considerada una disciplina preocupada con el problema del orden, las Relaciones Internacionales pasaron por un proceso de transformación que amplió su alcance hacia las esferas más diversas de la vida social y política del mundo contemporáneo. Una parte significativa del crédito de este proceso de renovación puede ser atribuida al giro crítico en los estudios internacionales. Al incorporar el dinamismo intelectual del posestructuralismo y del posmarxismo a los debates teóricos en el área, el pensamiento crítico internacional creó las condiciones para la actual diversificación y pluralización del área. El presente artículo discute cómo la Sociología Política Internacional (SPI) surge como efecto de este proceso de cuáles son sus contribuciones para el desarrollo de formas innovadoras de crítica de la política mundial contemporánea. Intentamos mostrar cómo, a través de métodos y epistemologías transdisciplinares, la SPI ofrece nuevas formas de articular procesos sociales y políticos en el espacio internacional, repensando y problematizando sus fronteras y límites. El artículo propone, en la primera sección, que la Sociología Política Internacional tiene sus linajes intelectuales en el giro crítico en Relaciones Internacionales, y se desarrolla profundizando el potencial de una perspectiva analítica del poder como descentralizado y fragmentado, así como de concepciones de agencia situada en campos sociales específicos. Lo que se intenta, es pensar lo internacional con base en una topología alternativa que explore transversalidades y evite el pensamiento en niveles y escalas. A continuación, discutimos algunos de los conceptos clave de la SPI, como transversalidad, campos sociales, ensamblajes, entre otros, para después mostrar cómo este campo piensa el problema del cambio, el lugar de las prácticas en la reflexión sobre la agencia, y la prioridad para el análisis de flujos e intersticios. Finalmente, el artículo reflexiona sobre el lugar de la Sociología Política Internacional en la disciplina de Relaciones Internacionales y sobre su contribución específica para el pensamiento crítico internacional.
Descargas
Citas
Abrahamsen, R., y Williams, M.C. (2009). Security Beyond the State: Global Security Assemblages in International Politics. International Political Sociology, 3 (1), 1-17.
Adler-Nissen, R. (2013). Bourdieu in international relations: rethinking key concepts in IR. Routledge.
Agnew, J., y Corbridge, S. (1995). Mastering Space: Hegemony, Territory and International Political Economy. Routledge.
Albert, M. (2016). A theory of world politics. Cambridge University Press.
Ashley, R. (1986). The Poverty of Neorealism. In R. O. Keohane (Ed.), Neorealism and Its Critics. Columbia University Press.
Barnett, M.N. (1997). Bringing in the New World Order: Liberalism, Legitimacy and the United Nations. World Politics, 4 (49), 529-551.
Basaran, T. (2008). Security, Law, Borders: Spaces of Exclusion. International Political Sociology, 4 (2), 339-354.
Basaran, T., Bigo, D., Guittet, E.P., y Walker, R.B.J. (Eds.) (2016). International Political Sociology: Transversal Lines. Routledge.
Bigo, D. (2011). Pierre Bourdieu and International Relations: Power of Practices, Practices of Power. International Political Sociology, 5 (3), 225-258.
Bigo, D. (2016). Sociology of Transnational Guilds. International Political Sociology, 10 (4), 398-416.
Bigo, D., y Walker, R.B.J. (2007). International, Political, Sociology. International Political Sociology, 1 (1), 1-5.
Bigo, D., y Walker, R.B J. (2007). Political Sociology and the Problem of the International. Millennium - Journal of International Studies, 35 (3), 725-739.
Bleiker, R. (1997). Forget IR Theory. Alternatives, 22 (1), 57-85.
Brown, C. (1994). 'Turtles All the Way Down': Anti-Foundationalism, Critical Theory and International Relations. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 23 (2), 213-236.
Chatterjee, P. (2004). The politics of the governed: reflections on popular politics in most of the world. Columbia University Press.
Cox, R.W. (1986). Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory. En Keohane, R.O. (Ed.). Neorealism and Its Critics (pp. 204-254). Columbia University Press.
Cox, R.W. (1987). Production, Power and World Order. Columbia University Press.
Cox, R.W. (1992). Towards a Post-hegemonic Conceptualization of World Order: Reflections on the Relevancy of Ibn Khaldun. En Rosenau J.N. y Czempiel E. O. (Eds.). Governance Without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (pp. 132-159). Cambridge University Press.
Cox, R. W., y Sinclair, T. J. (1996). Approaches to World Order. Cambridge University Press.
Deleuze, G., y Guattari, F. (1987). A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. University of Minnesota Press. (Traducido por B. Massumi).
Deleuze, G., y Parnet, C. (1977). Dialogues. Flammarion.
Dezalay, Y., y Garth, B.G. (2011). Hegemonic Battles, Professional Rivalries, and the International Division of Labor in the Market for the Import and Export of State-Governing Expertise. International Political Sociology, 5 (3), 276-293.
Plessis, G. (2018). When pathogens determine the territory: Toward a concept of non-human borders. European Journal of International Relations, 24 (2), 391-413.
Dunne, T., Hansen, L., y Wight, C. (2013). The end of International Relations theory? European Journal of International Relations, 19 (3), 405-425.
Elden, S. (2006). Contingent Sovereignty, Territorial Integrity and the Sanctity of Borders. SAIS Review, 26 (1), 11-24.
Enloe, C. (2016). Flick of the Skirt: A Feminist Challenge to IR’s Coherent Narrative. International Political Sociology, 10 (4), 320-331.
Enloe, C.H. (2007). Globalization and militarism: feminists make the link. Rowman y Littlefield.
Escobar, A. (2008). Territories of difference: place, movements, life, redes. Duke University Press.
Foucault, M. (2002). The order of things. Routledge.
George, J. (1994). Discourses of global politics: a critical (re)introduction to international relations. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Gill, S. (2003). Power and Resistance in the New World Order. Palgrave Macmillan.
Goettlich, K. (2019). The rise of linear borders in world politics. European Journal of International Relations, 25 (1), 203-228.
Haas, E. B. (1964). Beyond the nation-state: functionalism and international organization. Stanford University Press.
Held, D. (1995). Democracy and the Global Order: From the Modern State to Cosmopolitan Governance. Stanford University Press.
Helmig, J., y Kessler, O. (2007). Space, Boundaries, and the Problem of Order: A View from Systems Theory. International Political Sociology, 1 (3), 240-256.
Herz, J. (1976). The Nation-State and the Crisis of World Politics: Essays on International Politics in the Twentieth Century. David McKay Company, Inc.
Hoffman, M. (1987). Critical Theory and the Inter-Paradigm Debate. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 16 (2), 189-206.
Holsti, K.J. (1991). Change in the international system: essays on the theory and practice of international relations. E. Elgar Pub.
Huysmans, J., y Nogueira, J. P. (2020). International Political Sociology as a Mode of Critique: Fracturing Totalities. International Political Sociology, 1 (15), 2-21.
Innerarity, D., y Kingery, S. (2016). Governance in the new global disorder: politics for a post-sovereign society. Columbia University Press.
Keohane, R.O. (1984). After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy. Princeton University Press.
Keohane, R.O. (2002). Power and Governance in a Partially Globalized World. Routledge.
Keohane, R.O., y Martin, L. (1995). The Promise of Institutionalist Theory. International Security, 20 (1), 39-51.
Keohane, R.O., y Nye, J. (1977). Power and Interdependence: World Politics in Transition. Little, Brown and Company.
Kessler, O. (2012). World Society, Social Differentiation and Time. International Political Sociology, 6 (1), 77-94.
Koh, T.T.B., Acharya, A., y Institute of Policy Studies (Singapur) (1998). The quest for world order: perspectives of a pragmatic idealist. Institute of Policy Studies: Times Academic Press.
Lefebvre, H. (1991). The Production of Space. Blackwell. (Traducido por D. Nicholson-Smith).
Linklater, A. (1990). The Problem of Community in International Relations. Alternatives, 2 (15), 135-153.
Linklater, A. (1996). The achievements of critical theory. En Smith, S., Booth, K., y Zalewski, M. (Eds.). International theory: positivism and beyond (pp. 279-300). Cambridge University Press.
Linklater, A. (1998). The Transformation of Political Community: Ethical Foundations of the Post-Westphalian Era. University of South Carolina Press.
Lipschutz, R.D. (1992). Reconstructing World Politics: The Emergence of Global Civil Society. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 21 (3), 389-420.
Lisle, D. (2017). Waiting for International Political Sociology: A Field Guide to Living In-Between. International Political Sociology, 10 (4), 417-433.
Lundborg, T. (2012). Politics of the event: time, movement, becoming. Routledge.
Massey, D.B. (2005). For space. SAGE.
Mezzadra, S., y Neilson, B. (2013). Border as method, or, the multiplication of labor. Duke University Press.
Morgenthau, H.J. (1946). Scientific Man vs. Power Politics. The University of Chicago Press.
Ong, A., y Collier, S.J. (2005). Global assemblages: technology, politics, and ethics as anthropological problems. Blackwell Publishing.
Ozguc, U. (2021). Rethinking border walls as fluid meshworks. Security Dialogue, 52 (4), 287-305.
Paris, R. (2011). Ordering the World: Academic Research and Policymaking on Fragile States. International Studies Review, 13 (1), 58-71.
Paul, T.V., y Hall, J.A. (Eds.) (1999). International Order and the Future of World Politics. Cambridge University Press.
Rajaram, P.K., y Grundy-Warr, C. (2007). Borderscapes: hidden geographies and politics at territory's edge. University of Minnesota Press.
Rose, N. (1996). The death of the social? Re-figuring the territory of government. Economy and Society, 25 (3), 327-356.
Rosenau, J.N., y Czempiel, E.O. (Eds.). (1992). Governance Without Government: Order and Change in World Politics. Cambridge University Press.
Rygiel, K. (2011). Governing borderzones of mobility through e-borders: The politics of embodied mobility. En Squire, V. (Ed.) The contested politics of mobility: borderzones and irregularity (pp. 143-168). Routledge.
Scheel, S. (Ed.) (2019). Autonomy of migration? Appropriating mobility within biometric border regimes. Routledge.
Seth, S. (2011). Postcolonial Theory and the Critique of International Relations. Millennium, 40 (1), 167-183.
Slaughter, A.M. (2004). A new world order / Anne-Marie Slaughter. Princeton University Press.
Squire, V. (2011). The contested politics of mobility: borderzones and irregularity. Routledge.
Stierl, M. (2020). Reimagining Europe through the Governance of Migration. International Political Sociology, 14 (3), 252-269.
Tazzioli, M. (2020). The making of migration: the biopolitics of mobility at Europe's borders. Sage Publications, Ltd.
Tickner, A.B., Wæver, O., y Taylor y Francis. (2009). International relations scholarship around the world. Routledge.
Walker, R.B.J. (1993). Inside/Outside: International Relations as Political Theory. Cambridge University Press.
Walker, R.B.J. (julio, 2005). The Doubled Outsides of the Modern International. 5th International Conference on Diversity in Organizations, Communities and Nations, Pekín.
Walker, R.B.J. (2010). After the globe, before the world. Routledge.
Waltz, K.N. (1979). Teoría de la Política Internacional. Grupo Editor Latinoamericano.
Wendt, A. (1992). Anarchy Is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics. International Organization, 2 (46), 391-425.
Wendt, A. (1999). Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge University Press.