Estudio Longitudinal de la Segregación Escolar por Nivel Socioeconómico en Reino Unido
Palabras clave:
Segregación por nivel socioeconómico entre escuelas, PISA, Países del Reino Unido, Agrupación por nivel socioeconómico, Igualdad de oportunidades
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio es comprender el comportamiento de la segregación escolar por nivel socioeconómico. Para ello se analizan todos los datos del Reino Unido en la Evaluación PISA desde el año 2000 a 2015 y se estima el índice de Gorard, el índice de Disimilitud y el índice de Aislamiento. El análisis realizado ha demostrado que la segregación entre las escuelas ha disminuido entre 2000 y 2015, y que la segregación del 25% de los estudiantes más pobres se ha mantenido relativamente estática en el Reino Unido desde el año 2006. Las escuelas de Inglaterra están muy segregadas en comparación con Gales, Escocia e Irlanda del Norte. Los niveles de segregación del 10% de estudiantes más pobres han disminuido en las escuelas públicas, mientras hay un fuerte aumento en las privadas. El nivel de aislamiento de los estudiantes desfavorecidos es menor en las escuelas públicas que privadas. Los resultados han demostrado que la tendencia de la segregación escolar por nivel socioeconómico utilizando los datos PISA es coherente con la tendencia de segregación analizada utilizando datos nacionales de las escuelas públicas. Este hallazgo conlleva implicaciones de investigación para un análisis detallado de las tendencias nacionales de segregación escolar, incluidos los datos de estudiantes de escuelas privadas.
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