Edu-Track+: Improving Intrinsic Academic Motivation and University Academic Performance in Hyflex Classrooms
Keywords:
Motivation, academic performance, Classrooms, University, EffectivenessThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
In the context of the increasing digitization of higher education, datified educational systems have driven the introduction of personal tracking technologies, known as self-tracking, however, little progress has been made in investigating their potential for recording study dedication, organization of didactic resources, and academic input. The aim of the study is to explore the potential of Edu-Track+ (self-tracking experience) as an effective strategy to improve academic motivation and university academic performance. Methodology: A quantitative, experimental, and longitudinal study was developed; 215 doctoral students participated; the academic motivation scale and university academic performance scale were applied before and after the "Edu-Track+" formative experience (pretest-posttest). Our results show that students who reached an advanced level of Self-tracking showed a significant increase in their intrinsic academic motivation and their university academic performance, compared to those who obtained a basic level. In addition, a very strong positive correlation between academic motivation and university academic performance was revealed. Self-tracking can be an effective formative strategy to optimize formative potential in datified educational systems, also showing its applicability for monitoring health and well-being, being important to consider ethical aspects in its implementation, and providing training to educational actors to ensure its effectiveness.
Downloads
References
Abdelrahman, R. M. (2020). Metacognitive awareness and academic motivation and their impact on academic achievement of Ajman University students. Heliyon, 6(9), e04192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04192
Athens, W. (2023). Self-regulation, motivation, and outcomes in HyFlex classrooms. Educational Technology Research and Development, 71(4), 1765-1783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10243-y
Barrera, J. J. y Miranda, D. R. (2023). El cuerpo como archivo. La datificación de los afectos y la subjetividad en Ansibles, perfiladores y otras máquinas de ingenio de Andrea Chapela. Estudios de Teoría Literaria, 12(27), 9-21.
Bastidas-Chalán, R., Mantilla-Morales, G., Vinueza-Escobar, F. y Coronel-Guerrero, C. (2023). Statistical analysis of university academic performance in the area of exact sciences, before and during the covid-19 pandemic. Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1757, 191-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24978-5_17
Belavi, G., Murillo, F. J. (2020). Democracia y justicia social en las escuelas: Dimensiones para pensar y mejorar la práctica educativa. REICE. Revista Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, 18(3), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.15366/reice2020.18.3.001
Bronkhorst, L. H. y De Kleijn, R. A. M. (2016). Challenges and learning outcomes of educational design research for PhD students. Frontline Learning Research, 4(3), 75-91. https://doi.org/10.14786/flr.v4i3.198
Burgueño, R., Sicilia, A., Medina-Casaubón, J., Alcaraz-Ibáñez, M. y Lirola, M.-J. (2017). Revisión de la escala de motivación educativa. Inclusión de la regulación integrada para medir la motivación en la formación inicial del profesorado. Anales de Psicología, 33(3), 670-679. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.33.3.249601
Caleon, I. S., Wui, M. G. L., Tan, J. P.-L., Chiam, C. L., Soon, T. C. y King, R. B. (2015). Cross-cultural validation of the academic motivation scale: A Singapore investigation. Child Indicators Research, 8(4), 925-942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-014-9298-7
Coromina, L., Capó, A., Guia, J. y Coenders, G. (2011). Effect of background, attitudinal and social network variables on PhD students’ academic performance. A multimethod approach. Estudios sobre Educación, 20, 233-253. https://doi.org/10.15581/004.20.4559
Davoglio, T. R., Dos Santos, B. S. y Lettnin, C. da C. (2016). Validity of academic motivation scale for the Brazilian higher education students. Ensaio, 24(92), 522-545. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-40362016000300002
de Jager, P., Lubbe, I. y Papageorgiou, E. (2018). The South African chartered accountant academic: Motivations and challenges when pursuing a doctoral degree. Meditari Accountancy Research, 26(2), 263-283. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR-03-2017-0125
Deroncele-Acosta, A., Palacios-Núñez, M. L. y Toribio-López, A. (2023). Digital transformation and technological innovation on higher education post-covid-19. Sustainability, 15, 2466. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032466
Do?an, U. (2015). Student engagement, academic self-efficacy, and academic motivation as predictors of academic performance. The Anthropologist, 20, 553-561. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2015.11891759
Guay, F., Morin, A. J. S., Litalien, D., Valois, P. y Vallerand, R. J. (2015). Application of exploratory structural equation modeling to evaluate the academic motivation scale. Journal of Experimental Education, 83(1), 51-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2013.876231
Guevara-Otero, N., Diaz-Iglesias, S. y Cuevas-Molano, E. (2023). The role of asynchronous and synchronous activities in university academic performance: A comparative study of traditional and inverted class methodologies. Intangible Capital, 19(1), 69-91. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.2110
Heilporn, G. y Lakhal, S. (2021). Converting a graduate-level course into a HyFlex modality: What are effective engagement strategies?. The International Journal of Management Education, 19,100454. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJME.2021.100454
Hilliger, I., Miranda, C., Schuit, G. y Pérez-Sanagustín, M. (2021). Self-tracking time-on-task: web-based weekly timesheets for higher education students. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 12884, 430-434. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86436-1_49
Holloway, J. (2020). Accountability dos professores, datification, e avaliação: Um caso para reinventar a escolarização. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 28, 56. https://doi.org/10.14507/EPAA.28.5026
Howell, E. (2022). HyFlex model of higher education: Understanding the promise of flexibility. On the Horizon, 30(4), 173-181. https://doi.org/10.1108/OTH-04-2022-0019
Ibrahim, M., Baharun, H., Harun, H. y Othman, N. (2018). Antecedents of intrinsic motivation, metacognition and their effects on students’ academic performance in fundamental knowledge for matriculation courses. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 14(2), 211-246. https://doi.org/10.32890/MJLI2017.14.2.8
Ilies, R., Morgeson, F. P. y Nahrgang, J. D. (2005). Authentic leadership and eudaemonic well-being: Understanding leader-follower outcomes. Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 373-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.002
Jeno, L., Danielsen, A. y Raaheim, A. (2018). A prospective investigation of students’ academic achievement and dropout in higher education: A self-determination theory approach. Educational Psychology, 38, 1163-1184. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2018.1502412
Kirkagac, S. y Oz, H. (2017). The role of academic motivation in predicting preservice EFL teachers’ achievement. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 13(2), 96-108.
Kohnke, L. y Moorhouse, B. L. (2021). Adopting HyFlex in higher education in response to covid-19: Students’ perspectives. Open Learning, 36(3), 231-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2021.1906641
Kotera, Y., Conway, E. y Green, P. (2023). Construction and factorial validation of a short version of the academic motivation scale. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 51(2), 274-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2021.1903387
Levy, S. y Campbell, H. (2008). Student motivation: Premise, effective practice and policy. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 33(5), 14-28. https://doi.org/10.14221/AJTE.2008V33N5.2
Lope Salvador, L., Mamaqi, X. y Vidal Bordes, F. J. (2020). Inteligência artificial: Desafios teóricos, formativos e comunicativos da datificação. Icono14, 18(1), 58-88. https://doi.org/10.7195/RI14.V18I1.1434
Lynch, M. F., Salikhova, N. R. y Salikhova, A. B. (2018). Internal motivation among doctoral students: Contributions from the student and from the student’s environment. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 13, 255-272. https://doi.org/10.28945/4091
Maani, D., Alnusairat, S. y Al-Jokhadar, A. (2021). Transforming learning for architecture: online design studio as the new norm for crises adaptation under covid-19. Open House International, 46(3), 348-358. https://doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2021-0016
Malinauskas, R. K. y Pozeriene, J. (2020). Academic motivation among traditional and online university students. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 9(3), 584-591. https://doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2020.3.584
Malkoç, A. y Mutlu, A. K. (2018). Academic self-efficacy and academic procrastination: Exploring the mediating role of academic motivation in Turkish university students. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(10), 2087-2093. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.061005
Martínez-Garrido, C. y Murillo, F. J. (2016). Investigación Iberoamericana sobre enseñanza eficaz. Revista Mexicana de Investigacion Educativa, 21(69), 471-499
Martínez-Garrido, C. y Murillo, F. J. (2024). Collaboration in research groups through social network analysis. Revista Colombiana de Educacion, 90, 80-101. https://doi.org/10.17227/rce.num90-14492
Molinero, R., Zayas, A., Ruiz-González, P. y Guil, R. (2018). Optimism and resilience among university students. Revista INFAD de Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 1(1), 147-154. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2018.n1.v1.1179
Mondragón Barrera, M. A. (2014). Uso de la correlación de spearman en un estudio de intervención en fisioterapia. Movimiento Científico, 8(1), 98-104. https://doi.org/10.33881/2011-7191.mct.08111
Murillo, F. J., Martínez-Garrido, C. y Belavi, G. (2017). Sugerencias para escribir un buen artículo científico en educación. REICE. Revista Iberoamericana Sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, 15(3), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.15366/reice2017.15.3.001
Nawa, N. y Yamagishi, N. (2021). Enhanced academic motivation in university students following a 2-week online gratitude journal intervention. BMC Psychology, 9(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00559-w
Ndlovu T. A. y Merisi P. O. (2022). Hyflex Teaching and learning: An alternative modality for meaningful engagement and epistemological access in South African higher education. E-Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 3(6), 199-212. https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.2022361
Novikova, I. y Bychkova, P. (2022). Attitudes towards digital educational technologies, academic motivation and academic achievements among Russian university students. Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1503, 280-293. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93715-7_20
Preciado-Serrano, M. de L., Ángel-González, M., Colunga-Rodríguez, C., Vázquez-Colunga, J. C., Esparza-Zamora, M. A., Vázquez-Juárez, C. L. y Obando-Changuán, M. P. (2021). Construcción y validación de la escala RAU de rendimiento académico universitario. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica, 60(3), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.21865/RIDEP60.3.01
Saura, G. y Bolívar, A. (2019). Sujeto académico neoliberal: Cuantificado, digitalizado y bibliometrificado. REICE. Revista Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educacion, 17(4), 9-26. https://doi.org/10.15366/REICE2019.17.4.001
Shanachilubwa, K., Sallai, G. y Berdanier, C. G. P. (2023). Investigating the tension between persistence and well-being in engineering doctoral programs. Journal of Engineering Education, 112(3), 587-612. https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20526
Shek, D.T.L., Zhu, X., Li, X. y Dou, D. (2022). Satisfaction with HyFlex teaching and law-abiding leadership education in Hong Kong university students under covid-19. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 17(5), 2833-2858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-022-10040-4
Tasgin, A. y Coskun, G. (2018). The relationship between academic motivations and university students' attitudes towards learning. International Journal of Instruction, 11(4), 935-950. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.11459a
Torenbeek, M., Jansen, E. y Suhre, C. (2013). Predicting undergraduates' academic achievement: the role of the curriculum, time investment and self-regulated learning. Studies in Higher Education, 38(9), 1393-1406. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2011.640996
Tóth-Király, I., Orosz, G., Dombi, E., Jagodics, B., Farkas, D. y Amoura, C. (2017). Cross-cultural comparative examination of the Academic Motivation Scale using exploratory structural equation modeling. Personality and Individual Differences, 106, 130-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.10.048
Widayanti, R., Madenda, S., Wibowo, E. P. y Anwar, K. (2023). SOM-SIS approach to auto summary of clustering results on university academic performance. Telkomnika, 21(1), 104-112. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v21i1.24238
Williams, P. E., Wall, N. y Fish, W. (2019). Mid-career adult learners in an online doctoral program and the drivers of their academic self-regulation: The importance of social support and parent education level. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 20(1), 64-78. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v20i1.3789
Williams-Shakespeare, E. S., Bronteng, J. E. y Alahmari, A. (2018). Interpersonal hardiness as a critical contributing factor to persistence among international women in doctoral programs: A trioethnographic study. The Qualitative Report, 23(8), 1799-1821. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3065
Yu, D., Zhou, X., Pan, Y., Niu, Z., Yuan, X. y Sun, H. (2023). University Academic Performance Development Prediction Based on TDA. Entropy, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/e25010024
Zhang, B., Li, Y. M., Li, J., Li, Y. y Zhang, H. (2016). The revision and validation of the academic motivation scale in China. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282915575909