Simulaciones de Liderazgo Escolar: Una Visión Panorámica de sus Publicaciones y Evolución
Palabras clave:
Liderazgo escolar, Simulaciones, Desarrollo profesionalFormación, Escuela
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
Las simulaciones para el aprendizaje profesional son herramientas que permiten la ejercitación práctica de habilidades de liderazgo, y una respuesta concreta a la necesidad de avanzar a una formación menos teórica y abstracta. La presente revisión bibliográfica ofrece un panorama sobre las publicaciones que abordan el uso de estas herramientas desde mediados de los años 90. Se revisaron las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, y Google Scholar, identificando 48 artículos que presentan usos y aplicaciones de simulaciones de liderazgo escolar. Las categorías de análisis destacan los tipos de publicaciones, características de las simulaciones que utilizan, así como los propósitos de estas. Se detectaron publicaciones “teórico-conceptuales”, “reportes de desarrollo”, y “evaluaciones de efectos” en las aplicaciones de simulaciones. Los tipos de simulaciones se clasificaron como “juego de roles”, “basadas en computadores”, y “escenarios híbridos”. Respecto los propósitos formativos, se observan énfasis en: “manejo de conflictos”, “percepción de autoeficacia”, “decisiones administrativas”, “gestión del cambio”, y “manejo comunicacional”. Se concluye que estas herramientas tienen un fuerte potencial para el aprendizaje de la toma de decisiones en roles de liderazgo en contextos escolares, y para proveer experiencias que anticipan desafíos profesionales propios de la cultura escolar.
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