Morphological characterization and fixation process of some reformulation markers in Korean
Keywords:
discourse markers, reformulation, paraphrase, KoreanCopyright (c) 2023 Heejung Kim
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Unlike reformulation and its markers in Spanish, which have been considered from different linguistic perspectives, in non-Indo-European languages such as Korean, more specifically in Korean linguistics, there are relatively few papers on this topic (Kim 2021). Nor are there similar on operations, such as apposition or paraphrase (Li 2013; Choi 2016). However, this does not mean that reformulation does not exist in Korean, but rather that it manifests itself in a different and more complex way due to the agglutinating characteristics of the language. Therefore, in the present paper, after observing the previous considerations with respect to reformulation in Korean, the grammatical characteristics of four reformulation markers (jeuk, got, geureonikka and malhajamyeon) are studied, including their morphological fixation process.
Downloads
References
Ahn, Jungho (2020), «A study on the adequacy of paraphrasing test of proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) reading questions in testing literal comprehension ability», Journal of Humanities, 41: 125-149.
Blakemore, Diane (1993), «The relevance of reformulations», Language and Literature, 2: 101-120. DOI: 10.1177/096394709300200202.
Blakemore, Diane (1996), «Are apposition markers discourse markers?», Journal of Linguistics, 32: 325-347.
Briz, Antonio (2001 [1998]), El español coloquial en la conversación, Barcelona: Ariel.
Casado, Manuel (1991), «Los operadores discursivos es decir, esto es, o sea y a saber en español actual: valores de lengua y funciones textuales», LEA: Lingüística Española Actual, 13: 87-116.
Casado, Manuel (1998), «Lingüística del texto y marcadores del discurso», en M.ª Antonia Martín Zorraquino y Estrella
Montolío (eds.), Los marcadores del discurso: teoría y análisis,
Madrid, Arco/Libros: 55-70.
Chang, Ki Yul (2003), «The characteristics and function of Korean conjunctions», The Journal of Welfare Administration, 19: 175-194.
Choi, Hyeon-bae (1983 [1937]), Gramática de la lengua coreana, Seúl: Chungumsa.
Choi, Unghwan (2016), «Critical review of appositional constructions in Korean», Journal of Linguistic Science, 77: 317-344.
Chung, Hyeyeon (2014), «How can paraphrase enhance interpreting competence?», Interpreting and Translation Studies, 18 (4): 227-245.
Chung, Hyeyeon (2016), «Paraphrasing competence of professional interpreters», The Journal of Translation Studies, 17 (2): 119-140.
Corpus Sejong. Disponible en: https://ithub.korean.go.kr/user/corpus/corpusSearchManager.do.
Cortés, Luis, y M.ª Matilde Camacho (2005), Unidades de segmentación y marcadores del discurso, Madrid: Arco/Libros.
Del Moral, Rafael (2014), Breve historia de las lenguas, Barcelona: Castalia.
Fuentes, Catalina (1987), Enlaces extraoracionales, Sevilla: Alfar.
Fuentes, Catalina (1993), «Conclusivos y reformulativos», Verba: Anuario galego de filoloxia, 20: 171-198.
Garcés Gómez, M.ª Pilar (2008), La organización del discurso:
marcadores de ordenación y de reformulación, Madrid: Iberoamericana/ Vervuert.
Gim, Mi-young (2016), «An analysis on ‘paraphrase’ in writings from sources: focusing on texts of intermediate KAP learners», EOMUNYEONGU (The Research Society of Language and Literature), 88: 305-332.
Gülich, Elisabeth y Kotschi, Thomas (1983), «Les marqueurs de la reformulation paraphrastique», Cahiers de Linguistique Française, 5: 305-351.
Hong, Jung Min (2017), «Usefulness of paraphrasing exercises in Korean-language classes to improve translation competence in specialized areas», Interpreting and Translation Studies, 21 (1): 275-306.
Hwang, Jun (2009), Verbal reasoning, Seoul: Parkmungak.
Jang, Haneul (2006), Writing strategy, Paju: Dasan Books.
Jeon, Young-ok (2002), «A study on discourse markers in Korean», Journal of Speech Communication, 4: 113-145.
Kang, Soyoung (2009): «The functions of geureonikka and discourse strategy», Research Society of Language and Literature, 60: 27-56.
Kim, Buyeon (2018), «A study on the paraphrase of Hunminjeongeum Haerye’s summarizing verse», The Journal of Korean Language and Literature Education, 68: 1-32.
Kim, Heejung (2021), Estudio comparativo de los marcadores discursivos de reformulación explicativa en español y en coreano, tesis doctoral, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
Kim, Inkyun (2009), «A study on the type, limit and internal structure of Korean apposition NPs», Urimal, 24: 59-86.
Kim, Ui-su (2007), «Comparison between syntactic structures of Korean proverbs with the same meaning», Journal of Korean as a Foreign Language, 123: 405-435.
Kim, Younghee (1998), On the Papers on Korean Syntax, Seúl: Hankukmunhwasa.
Ko, Yong-Kun (2002), Grammar and text, Seúl: Seoul National
University Press.
Kong, Soungsu (2017), «The study of summarizing and paraphrasing as learner-centered education», Korean Language Education Research, 52 (2): 127-174.
Lee, Seong-Yeon, y Jeongsun An (2004), «The paraphrase and pro-form of “Song of songs” in The Old Testament», The Academy for Korean Language Education, 67: 229-247.
Li, Fei (2022), A study on Korean sentence-level paraphrase phenomena, tesis doctoral, Universidad Yeonsei.
Li, Hong Mei (2013), «A study on Korean paraphrasing sentences», Korean Semantics, 40: 219-248.
Martín Zorraquino, M.ª Antonia y José Portolés Lázaro (1999), «Los marcadores del discurso», en Ignacio Bosque y Violeta Demonte (eds.), Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española, Madrid, Espasa-Calpe: 4051-5213.
Matsui, Tomoko (2002), «Semantics and pragmatics of a Japanese discourse marker dakara ('so/in other words'): a unitary
account», Journal of Pragmatic,s 34: 867-891. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-2166(01)00066-2.
Min, Kyeongah, y Gwak Dohyeong (2021), «The pattern of paraphrasing in the academic writing of foreign graduate students: focusing on the comparison with Korean graduate students», Bilingual Research, 84: 57-87.
Moreno Cabrera, Juan Carlos (2021), La clasificación de las lenguas, Madrid: Síntesis.
Murillo, Silvia (2007), A contribution to the pragmalinguistic contrastive study of explicatory reformulative discourse markers in contemporary journalistic written English and Spanish, tesis doctoral, Universidad de Zaragoza.
Murillo, Silvia (2016a), «Reformulation markers and polyphony. A contrastive English-Spanish analysis», Languages in Contrast, 16 (1): 1-30. DOI: 10.1075/LIC.16.1.01MUR.
Murillo, Silvia (2016b), «Sobre la reformulación y sus marcadores», Cuadernos AISPI, 8: 237-258. DOI: 10.14672/8.2016.1335.
Nam, Gi-Sim, y Yong-Kun Ko (2011 [1985]), Gramática normativa coreana, Seúl: Pagijong.
Park, Dong-kyu (1998), Don’t be afraid to write, Seúl: Literature and Thought.
Park, Young Soon (2004), Korean Discourse/Text theory, Seúl: Hankookmunhwasa.
Piao, Lian-yu (2012), «A discourse-pragmatic features of geureonikka», The Language and Culture, 8 (1): 81-98.
Pons, Salvador (2013), «Un solo tipo de reformulación», Cuadernos AISPI, 2: 151-170. DOI: 10.14672/2.2013.1068.
Pons, Salvador (2016), «Evolución diacrónica de o sea», Boletín de la Real Academia Española, 96 (313): 291-350.
Pons, Salvador (2017), «Volviendo sobre un solo tipo de reformulación: una respuesta a Silvia Murillo», Cuaderno AISPI, 10: 153-172. DOI: 10.14672/10.2017.1327.
Portolés, José (2001 [1998]), Marcadores del discurso, Barcelona: Ariel.
Portolés, José (2016), «Los marcadores del discurso», en Javier Gutiérrez-Rexach (ed.), Enciclopedia lingüística hispánica, vol. 1, Londres/
Nueva York, Routledge: 689-699. DOI: 10.4324/9781315713441.
Quirk, Randolph, et al. (1985), A comprehensive grammar of the English language, London: Longman.
Roulet, Eddy (1987), «Complétude interactive et connecteurs reformulatifs», Cahiers de Linguistique Française, 8: 111-140.
Salameh, Shima (2021), Reframing reformulation: a theoretical-experimental approach: evidence from the Spanish discourse marker o sea, Berlín: Peter Lang. DOI: 10.3726/b18378.
Sasamoto, Ryoko (2008), «Japanese discourse connectives dakara and sorede: a reassessment of procedural meaning», Journal of Pragmatics, 40: 127-154. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2007.08.008.
Seo, Jung Soo (1995), Korean Grammar, Seúl: Hanyang University Press.
Seong, Nack Soo (1996), Writing essays for middle school students, Seúl: Shinwon.
Yang, Yan (2017), «A probe into the translation paradigm of ? in Korean annotation of Chinese Classics», Korean Language & Literature, 102: 91-115.
Yi, Sun-Woong (2007), «The concept and types of appositive NP in Korean», Korean Language and Literature, 98: 159-185.
Yim, Chae-hun (2011), «Synonymy and sentence meaning formation», Korean Semantics 34: 349-373.