Palabras clave:
música, musicoterapia, bienestar, escucha musical, psiconeuroinmunología, práctica instrumentalDerechos de autor 2022 Revista de Investigación en Musicoterapia
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
La música es un estímulo ampliamente extendido en la sociedad ya que escuchar música tiene un impacto beneficioso en niveles de bienestar. Esta revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo principal dar a conocer los hallazgos previos sobre la eficacia de la escucha musical, la práctica instrumental o vocal y la musicoterapia desde diferentes perspectivas relacionadas con la mejora del bienestar, analizando literatura de impacto sobre este tema para conocer las técnicas, objetivos, instrumentos de evaluación y resultados más frecuentes. Se ha llevado a cabo una búsqueda estratégica a través de la consulta en bases de datos científicas. Se realizaron búsquedas en las siguientes bases de datos electrónicas internacionales: PubMed, Medline, Ovid, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, REDALYC, Dialnet, SciELO y DOAJ. Se identificaron un total de 121 fuentes de las cuales se incluyeron 51 artículos en esta revisión. En los estudios se utilizaron técnicas de musicoterapia tanto receptivas como activas, escucha musical y práctica instrumental o vocal. Aunque esta revisión de la literatura identificó numerosos artículos de calidad contrastada, dada la heterogeneidad y la calidad metodológica de algunas de las investigaciones incluidas, es complejo extrapolar y generalizar resultados. De este modo, se considera necesario realizar más investigaciones con planteamientos metodológicos rigurosos que permitan divulgar resultados en este ámbito.
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