Palabras clave:
Anarquía, Orden internacional, Sociedad internacional, Nominalismo medieval, Teología política, Realismo, Religión, Thomas HobbesDerechos de autor 2022 William Bain; María Cabero López (Traductor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
El concepto de anarquía es uno de los más importantes en la teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales. Por ello, se recurre a menudo a Thomas Hobbes para ilustrar el carácter y las consecuencias de la anarquía. El presente artículo se cuestiona acerca del aspecto teológico de la filosofía política de Hobbes en un intento de superar la mitología distorsionada que se ha creado entorno a las relaciones internacionales “hobbesianas”. De este modo, se avanza hacia un argumento positivo que presenta a Hobbes como un teórico de una sociedad interestatal que se forma y deforma al igual que Dios creó el universo. El concepto de anarquía que se atribuye a Hobbes se basa en una disputa teológica sobre la naturaleza de Dios y la magnitud de su poder, lo que supone una forma específica de constituir y comprender la realidad. Cuando se consideran las implicaciones de dicha disputa, se demuestra que la anarquía no es ni una característica objetiva de un mundo compuesto por estados independientes ni una condición lógica inevitable que sigue a la ausencia de una autoridad central. Más bien, la anarquía es un logro del pensamiento, que nace en un momento y lugar determinado y que busca un reflejo de sí mismo en el espejo de la eternidad.
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