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Delincuencia organizada, estado fallido, nuevas guerras, cleptocracia, codicia o agravioDerechos de autor 2018 Víctor LÓPEZ
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
El artículo analiza de manera crítica el nexo entre la delincuencia organizada y la violencia en la República Democrática del Congo (RDC) a través de las teorías sobre la violencia, los estados fallidos y la delincuencia organizada. Se empieza por describir cómo los grupos armados se financian a través del tráfico de recursos naturales. Se continúa analizando el sistema de “cleptocracia violenta” establecido por la élite en el poder para depredar los recursos del país, a costa de la población. Se examinan asimismo dos ejemplos de corrupción empresarial. A continuación, se exploran algunas pistas de solución a niveles internacional, regional y local. El articulo confirma la existencia del nexo entre la delincuencia organizada y la violencia en la RDC, víctima de una “nueva guerra” que no se pretende ganar sino prolongar, motivada más por codicia que por agravios, en la que compiten actores estatales y no estatales, y cuyas víctimas son principalmente los civiles. Las élites extraen rentas con la complicidad de empresas multinacionales y paraísos fiscales, alimentando un círculo vicioso de subdesarrollo desde la creación del estado congoleño hace más de 130 años. Esta situación sigue frustrando los esfuerzos de construcción de la paz por parte de la comunidad internacional.
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