El Alumno ante la Escuela y su Propio Aprendizaje: Algunas Líneas de Investigación en Torno al Concepto de Implicación
Palabras clave:
Fracaso escolar, deserción, , implicación, no-implicaciónDerechos de autor 2023 REICE. Revista Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
Fenómenos como el fracaso escolar, el abandono prematuro, el desapego progresivo de ciertos estudiantes con respecto a la escuela y los aprendizajes, los problemas de convivencia y disciplina, entre otros, han sido analizados desde múltiples frentes. En el plano internacional, la investigación en torno a la “implicación (engagement) y no-implicación (disengagement) de los estudiantes con lo escolar y lo educativo está aportando claves interesantes para la comprensión de estos asuntos. En este artículo se comentan algunas cuestiones sobre el particular. Tras aludir a la complejidad del concepto “implicación” y la diversidad de aspectos que se recogen bajo el mismo, se ofrece una panorámica de un amplio cuerpo de investigación que ha abordado el tema tomando como foco de atención a los alumnos como sujetos de la implicación o del desenganche en la escuela. Se alude a distintos componentes de la “implicación escolar” de los estudiantes (conductuales, afectivos y cognitivos) y a la tendencia actual a integrarlos en una visión multidimensional de este constructo. El texto finaliza con algunas consideraciones en las que se insiste en la necesidad de abordar la investigación sobre implicación escolar entendiéndola como un fenómeno dinámico, interactivo, dialéctico, ligada a entornos sociales y a culturas y procesos escolares.
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