Palabras clave:
Banco Mundial, implementación de políticas, política educativa, actores no estatales, educaciónResumen
El Banco Mundial ha sido durante décadas uno de los actores no estatales más influyentes en educación, tanto a nivel de financiación como en cuanto a la producción de conocimiento en el campo de la política educativa global. Sin embargo, existe poca información sobre las contribuciones del organismo en la implementación de políticas educativas. A partir de un análisis sistemático de la literatura consistente en una muestra de 43 estudios, el presente artículo identifica los diversos modos de influencia del Banco Mundial en la puesta en práctica de políticas educativas internacionalmente y analiza algunos de los factores que han supuesto facilitadores y barreras para su implementación. Las formas de influencia identificadas abarcan todo el proceso de implementación, desde el diseño de las políticas y el establecimiento de condicionalidades, pasando por la provisión de asistencia técnica a los países receptores y llegando a la evaluación de la implementación. Por último, los resultados también señalan algunos de los resultados inesperados por el ente financiero, vinculados a la incapacidad de control total por parte del Banco de las personas implementadoras y a su omisión de factores contextuales de los países en el diseño de las políticas.
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