Núm. 46 (2020)
Artículos

Estratigrafía Post-Ubaid y arquitectura compleja en el pantano de Birecik (Éufrates turco): niveles del Calcolítico Final 1 en Surtepe y Tilbes-Körche

Jesús Gil Fuensanta
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Biografía
Alfredo Mederos Martín
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Biografía
Otabek Uktamovich Muminov
Universidad Nacional Mirzo Ulug Beg
Biografía
Portada del número 46 de la Cuadernos de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la UAM
Publicado diciembre 17, 2020

Palabras clave:

Calcolítico Final, Halaf, Ubaid, Post-Ubaid, Mesopotamia, pantano de Birecik, Proyecto Tilbes Höyük, Surtepe
Cómo citar
Gil Fuensanta, J., Mederos Martín, A., & Uktamovich Muminov, O. (2020). Estratigrafía Post-Ubaid y arquitectura compleja en el pantano de Birecik (Éufrates turco): niveles del Calcolítico Final 1 en Surtepe y Tilbes-Körche. Cuadernos De Prehistoria Y Arqueología De La Universidad Autónoma De Madrid, (46), 11–44. https://doi.org/10.15366/cupauam2020.46.001

Resumen

Durante la prehistoria reciente de los ríos Éufrates y Tigris y regiones adyacentes, una gran difusión cultural tuvo lugar durante las fases tardías y terminales de Ubaid del sur de Mesopotamia. En las regiones del norte de Mesopotamia, aconteció durante las fases previas del Calcolítico Final. Excavaciones en partes del sureste de Turquía demuestran la continuidad de los rasgos culturales Ubaid, al menos durante las fases más tempranas del Calcolítico Final 1 (LC1) local. Aquí se presentan y evalúan algunos sitios arqueológicos, Tilbes Höyük, Tilbes-Körche y Surtepe, cerca del área de la presa Birecik (Éufrates turco). Surtepe höyük, un asentamiento de 8 ha del Ubaid Final que proporcionó cuencos tipo Coba, tiene niveles con cerámicas pintadas de la fase final del LC 1 o de comienzos del LC 2 en un área de al menos 4 hectáreas en las laderas sur y suroeste.
El pequeño asentamiento de Tilbes-Körche tiene probablemente una gran estructura interconectada y no simples edificios aislados. Entre los cimientos de piedra identificamos al menos uno tripartito con una superficie de más de 90 m2 y dos edificios bipartitos. En la unidad excavada más grande (H3-H10) se recuperó un sello que representa un motivo de rayado cruzado y otro sello o token con 8 líneas incisas. Dentro del LC 1 o una fase de transición con LC 2, el 18% de la cerámica encontrada en los edificios de Tilbes-Körche fue pintada y hay una gran abundancia de cuencos sin pintar, que son aproximadamente la mitad del conjunto cerámico, muchos con restos de torno lento, producidos en masa, varias variantes de cuencos raspados por sílex del LC1, y dos que se parecen más a las llamadas "macetas de flores".

 

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