Núm. 32 (2016): Repensando el “Terrorismo” desde lo internacional
Artículos

Discurso terrorista y la militarización del contraterrorismo estadounidense: Los años de Reagan

Adrian HÄNNI
Profesor en la Universidad a Distancia de Suiza y becario postdoctoral en el Instituto de Historia de la Universidad de Leiden (Holanda). Experto en propaganda, historia de la inteligencia, terrorismo, Guerra Fría, Nueva Historia de la Diplomacia y energía.
Biografía
Publicado 30 junio 2016

Palabras clave:

Terrorismo , Contraterrorismo , Administración Reagan , dispositivo , Estados Unidos
Cómo citar
HÄNNI, A. (2016). Discurso terrorista y la militarización del contraterrorismo estadounidense: Los años de Reagan. Relaciones Internacionales, (32), 97–117. https://doi.org/10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2016.32.005

Resumen

Este artículo analiza el proceso de militarización de la política contraterrorista de Estados Unidos, mostrando como esta militarización, así como la doctrina preventiva de lucha contra el terrorismo, surgen a mitad de la década de los 80, contrariamente a la asunción dominante de que el actual enfoque contraterrorista militar no tiene precedentes y es resultado de los ataques del 11-S. Realizando un cambio radical en el discurso terrorista a comienzos de 1987, la Administración Reagan recuperaría la persecución penal del terrorismo, la cual se mantuvo durante las administraciones de George H.W. Bush y la primera de Clinton. El artículo defiende que las medidas contraterroristas estaban supeditadas a la previa legitimación de las practicas discursivas productoras de conocimiento (imágenes populares y narrativas míticas sobre el terrorismo) que fueron explotadas como estrategia de poder por el gobierno estadounidense. Por eso, sugiero que las practicas discursivas que construyen el terrorismo, al mismo tiempo que estructuran el potencial campo de acción tanto para los actores políticos como para los servicios de seguridad, y las practicas contraterroristas no discursivas han de considerarse como una entidad analítica conectada por el dispositif* foucaultiano.

** N.d T. Se mantiene el término dispositif en francés porque así lo hace el autor.

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